Experiment of Biology

by Susanti Mareta Anggraeni 16.40 0 komentar Biology

  The Influence of Fertilizer Concentration to Growth and Development of Peanut

Arranged by :

Dika Handayani (05)

Fitria Putri C. (09)

M. Romli Yahya (20)

Susanti Mareta A. (26)

Grade XII-Science 8

State Senior High School 1 Pati

Academic Year 2011/2012

• The aim :

         To know the difference of growth and development of peanuts in different concentration of fertilizer

• Basic Theory:

         Understanding of plant growth and development:
         Growth is the increase / change in the form of quantitative (observable) that occur in living things, while development is a qualitative change (can not be observed by naked eye), both of which are irreversible, that can not change back into shape, example : plants that have grown can not be naturally short again as before, the ripe fruit can not be young again as before.
         The factors that affect plant growth and development (all factors that affect the anabolism / catabolism plant):

1. Food / nutrition
2. Water
3. Air
4. Humidity
5. Light

           Dirt goats / sheep contain a fairly high organic C is generally widely used for fruit crops. plant is potted or in the soil directly. Goat manure fertilizer rugged durable so that it can diapakai long time since round.
           Organic farming is growing and requires increased supply of organic fertilizer. Among the potential to be developed in Indonesia is a liquid fertilizer from manure / feces (biokultur) and from urine (biourine) goats.

            Quality of both types of liquid manure from the goats are good enough to be applied to crops and plantation crops. I Made Londra from BPPT Bali which describes how the manufacture of liquid fertilizer from fermented sewage treatment express goat carried on the manufacture of liquid fertilizer can increase the content of nutrients.

             In the manufacture of liquid manure from goat manure (biokultur), contain elements of K and organic C and N increased drastically compared with no treatment. Ie, 962 ppm compared to 422 ppm for K, 3414 ppm compared to 2811 ppm for C-organic, and 1.22% from 0.27% for N. While the elements of P up to 84 ppm compared to 69 ppm.

             In making biourine goat, the content of the element K jumped to 1770 ppm compared to 759 without treatment. C-organic rose to 3773 ppm compared to 3390 ppm, and N 0.89% compared to 0.34%. But the element of P down to 89 ppm compared to 94 ppm.

             The decrease in the P element caused biourine inoculant that is less able to solubilize P. So need to look for microbes that are suitable for dissolving more P in the process of fermentation biourine.

             The technique of making a fairly practical and simple outlined as follows. In making biokultur, stool (feces) and goats housed in a tub of water mixed with a ratio of 1:2. Then put fermenter, namely R. bacillus and Azotobakter with the composition: 0.8 m3 feces mix, 1 liter R. bacillus and 1 liter of Azotobacter.

             The material was stirred for 3-4 hours, then the vessel is closed and left for 7 days. On day 8, the fluid above was taken, the sediment is squeezed and the liquid is combined with a liquid that has been taken previously. The liquid form of liquid fertilizer (biokultur) is already ready for use or stored. Solid parts of the juice can be used for fertilizer or fuel.

• Hypothesis

          Peanut plants grown in soil with fertilizer concentration of 50% will grow more fertile and give effective results compared to the other pots, because at this concentration plants get element - the element that is suitable for optimal growth and development.

• Variables

          • Independent variable : goat manure with different concentrations
          • Dependent variable : The stem length or height of peanut
          • Control variables : The light, water, soil, air,

• Tools and Materials:

          - Peanuts
          - Soil (as the medium)
          - Pot
          - Water
          - Fertilizer (kotoran kambing)
          - A ruler
          - A camera

• Steps of work

         1. Prepare the tools and materials needed

         2. Mix the soil and fertilizer
             a) Pot 1 (25% of fertilizer)
             b) Pot 2 (35% of fertilizer)
             c) Pot 3 (50% of fertilizer)
             d) Pot 4 (65% of fertilizer)
             e) Pot 5 (80% of fertilizer)

         3. Plant the peanuts underground

         4. Water the plant on each the pot with same amount

        5. Observe the growth and development of plant (peanuts)

        6. Write down the result of observation

• Conclusion

          - The best growth and development of peanut plants is experienced by the pot with concentration of     25% (pot 1).
          - The peanut plant will not grow and develop well in so much fertilizer.

• The result of discussion (Answer-Question)

Question : apa fungsi nitrogen dan karbon yang terkandung pada pupuk bagi tanaman kacang tanah ?

Answer : fungsi nitrogen dan karbon yang terkandung dalam pupuk kotoran kambing adalah untuk merangsang hormon-hormon yang memacu pertumbuhan kacang tanah.
Question : Pada hari ke berapa biji baru mulai tumbuh setelah percobaan pada pot ke-2 gagal?
Answer : Biji kacang tanah ditanam kembali dan baru tumbuh pada hari ke-8.
Question : Mengapa tanaman kacang tanah pada pot1 dengan konsentrasi 25% tumbuh paling cepat dan subur ?
Answer : Karena berdasarkan percobaan, tanaman kacang tanah tersebut ditanam pada medium dengan konsentrasi yang tepat.
Question : Kapan tanaman kacang tanah akan dapat dipanen?
Answer : Tanaman kacang tanah dapat dipanen dalam jangka waktu kurang lebih 3 bulan setelah penanaman dengan perlakuan yang rutin.

*This is a report for biology task of chapter Growth and Development